The increase in the number of online courses offered by universities has been remarkable over the past two years. Today, many universities even offer full online programs, where instructions and courses, such as streaming videos, are available to students 24/7. In a sense, the use of the Internet and interactive Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in higher education can be compared to any other type of teaching tool, like blackboards and overhead projectors. From an economic perspective, the use of the Internet and ICT in higher education is motivated by their greater efficiency as teaching tools compared to other relevant solutions. In other words, all other things being equal, if the Internet is an effective teaching tool, students who take online courses or enroll in degree programs will achieve better final exam scores than students who attend face-to-face classes. This paper reviews and summarizes some empirical findings from the literature on the effects of online learning on student performance compared to in-person equivalents.